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Micropiling is a specialized deep foundation technique used to transfer structural loads to deeper, stronger strata through small-diameter piles, typically ranging from 100 mm to 300 mm. Micropiles are constructed by drilling boreholes and installing high-strength steel elements (such as threaded bars or reinforcement cages), followed by grouting with cement slurry under pressure. Methodology The process begins with drilling boreholes using rotary or rotary-percussive drilling methods, suitable for soil, rock, or mixed ground conditions. After reaching the required depth, steel reinforcement (bar or casing) is inserted into the borehole. Grout is then injected under pressure (often using packers) to fill the borehole and bond the pile with surrounding soil or rock. Grouting may be carried out in single-stage or multiple stages (primary and secondary grouting) to enhance load transfer capacity and improve ground bonding. Applications • Strengthening of existing foundations (underpinning) • Construction in restricted or low headroom areas • Stabilization of slopes and retaining structures • Bridge foundations and infrastructure projects • Seismic retrofitting and structural rehabilitation Advantages • Suitable for difficult ground conditions (soft soil, rock, mixed strata) • Minimal vibration and disturbance • Can be installed in confined spaces • High load-carrying capacity relative to size • Effective in both compression and tension applications Typical Components • Drill hole • Steel reinforcement (threaded bar / casing) • Cement grout (bonding material)
